Table of Contents

I. The World in an Era of Transformation and Western Dominance, 1880-1914
1. Global Interaction in an Era of Imperialism and Migration
Imperialism: Western Justifications
Jules Ferry, Speech before the French Chamber of Deputies, 1883
Theodore Roosevelt, The Strenuous Life
The Economics of Imperialism
Records of the Maji-Maji Uprising
G.V. Joshi, The Economic Results of Free Trade and Railway Extension
Responses to Western Domination
Two Proclamations of the Boxer Rebellion
Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Speech to the Indian National Congress, 1907
Yamagata Aritomo, Opinion on Military Affairs and Conscription
Migrants and Their Experiences
Abdool Rehman, Memorandum to Lord Selborne, High Commissioner of Transvaal, October 1905
Henry Cabot Lodge, Speech to the United States Senate, March 16, 1896
2. Seeds of Change: Politics, Society, and Culture
Revolutionaries and Revolutions in the Early 1900s
Sun Yat-Sen, The Three People's Principles and the Future of the Chinese People
Platform of the Russian Social Democratic Party, 1903
The Plan of Ayala
The New Voice of Women in the Early Twentieth Century
Bahithat al-Badiya, A Lecture in the Club of the Umma Party, 1909
Anna Howard Shaw, Presidential Addresses at the Conventions of National American Woman Suffrage Association, 1905, 1906
Qiu Jin, An Address to Two Hundred Million Fellow Countrywomen
New Trends in Western Culture and Thought
Friedrich Nietzsche, The Gay Science and On the Genealogy of Morals
Excerpts from Futurist Manifestos, 1909-1914
II. Decades of War, Economic Upheaval, and Revolution, 1914-1939
3. World War I and Its Global Significance
The Trauma of the Trenches
Popular Art and Poster Art from Germany, England, Australia, and France
Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est and Disabled
Christopher Nevinson, The Harvest of Battle; Otto Dix, Storm Troop Advancing under Gas
The Century's First Genocide
Mary L. Graffam, Letter from Turkey, Summer 1915
Talaat Pasha, Posthumous Memoirs
The Russian Revolution and the Beginnings of the Soviet State
Lenin, April Theses
Communist Decrees and Legislation, 1917-1918
The Peace That Failed
Comments of the German Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference on the Conditions of Peace, October 1919
General Syrian Congress of Damascus, Resolution of July 2, 1919
Deng Yingchao, Memoirs
4. Decades of Crisis in the Western World and the Soviet Union
Modernism and Mass Culture Between the Wars
Walter Gropius, Dessau Bauhaus--Principles of Bauhaus Construction; Examples of Bauhaus Design
Senator Henry L. Meyers, U.S. Senate Speech, June 29, 1922
The Impact of the Great Depression
H. Hessel Tiltman, Slump! A Study of Stricken Europe Today
Franklin D. Roosevelt, Annual Address to Congress, January 4, 1935
Nazism in Theory and Practice
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf
Gertrud Scholtz-Klink, Speech to the National Socialist Women's Association, September 1935
The Stalin Revolution in the Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin, The Results of the First Five-Year Plan
Letters to Izvestiya on the Abortion Issue, May-June 1936
5. Latin America in an Era of Economic Challenge and Political Change
New Social and Political Currents: Feminism and Indigenismo
Amanda Labarca, Where Is Woman Going?
Jos� Carlos Mar�ategui, The Problem of the Indian and The Problem of the Land
Political Responses to the Great Depression
L�zaro C�rdenas, Speech to the Nation
Get�lio Vargas, Excerpts from Speeches and Interviews, 1937-1940
The Mexican Muralists and the Revolution in Mexican Art
Jos� Clemente Orozco, Autobiography
Jos� Clemente Orozco, Hispanic-American Society, and Diego Rivera, Imperialism
6. Africa Under Colonial Rule
European Perspectives on Africa's Future
Jan Smuts, Rhodes Memorial Lectures
Sir Frederick Gordon Guggisberg, The Keystone
African Society and Identity Under Colonial Rule
James Aggrey, Parable of the Eagle
Kabaka Daudi Chwa, Education, Civilization, and Foreignization" in Buganda
Charlotte Maxeke, Social Conditions Among Bantu Women and Girls
Nationalism, Pan-Africanism, and Anticolonialism
Resolutions of the National Congress of British West Africa, 1920
1921 Pan-African Congress, London Manifesto
Gilbert Coka, "The African Liberator, Our Message"
7. Asia in an Era of Nationalism and Revolution
Political and Religious Currents in the Middle East
Mustafa Kemal, Speech to the Congress of the People's Republican Party
Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Speech at the Inauguration of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
The Muslim Brotherhood, Toward the Light
Anticolonialism in India and Southeast Asia
Mohandas Gandhi, Indian Home Rule
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Speech to the Muslim League, 1940
Nguyen Thai Hoc, Letter to the French Chamber of Deputies, 1930
Intellectual Ferment and Revolution in China
Hu Shi, Our Attitude Toward Modern Civilization of the West
Mao Zedong, Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan; Strategic Problems of China's Revolutionary War
Nationalism and Militarism in Japan
The Black Dragon Society, Anniversary Statement, 1930
Fundamental Principles of National Policy, 1936
III. From World War II to the Early 1970s: Decades of Conflict, Decolonization, and Economic Recovery
8. World War II and Its Aftermath
Appeasement and the Origins of World War II in Europe
Neville Chamberlain, Excerpts from Correspondence, Diary, and Speeches
Winston Churchill, Speech to Parliament, October 5, 1938
The Final Solution: Perpetrators and Victims
Rudolf H�ss, Memoirs
"B.F.," Recollections
The Dawn of the Atomic Age
The Franck Report
Henry L. Stimson, The Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb
Iwao Nakamura and Atsuko Tsujioka, Recollections
From World War II to the Cold War
George Kennan, The Long Telegram
Nikolai Novikov, Telegram, September 27, 1947
9. The Industrialized West in an Era of Economic Growth and Social Change
The End of Empires
Debate in the House of Commons, March 1947
Charles de Gaulle, Comments on Algeria, April 11, 1961
Discontent in the Midst of Prosperity: The United States in the 1950s and Early 1960s
Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique
Martin Luther King, Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail
Rachel Carson, Silent Spring
The Late 1960s: Years of Protest and Polarization
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, We Want Black Power
Feminist Manifestoes from the Late 1960s
Three Student Pamphlets from the University of Paris
10. Worlds Apart: The USSR, the Soviet Bloc, and China
Dissent and Repression in the Soviet Union
Andrei Sakharov, Roy Medvedev, and Valentin Turchin, Letter to Comrades Brezhnev, Kosygin, and Podgorny
Secret KGB Report, December 21, 1970
Unrest in Eastern Europe and Soviet Response
Ludvik Vacul�k, Two Thousand Words to Workers, Farmers, Scientists, Artists, and Everyone
Leonid Brezhnev, Speech to the Fifth Congress of the Polish United Workers' Party
Utopian Dreams in Mao's China
Tan Manni, Lushan's Pig-Iron "Sputnik"
One Hundred Items for Destroying the Old and Establishing the New
Poster Art from The Cultural Revolution
11. The Emergence of a Third World
New Sources of Conflict in the Middle East
The Palestine National Charter
Chaim Herzog, Speech to the United Nations General Assembly
Revolution and Reaction in Latin America
Ernesto "Che" Guevara, Message to the Tricontinental Conference
Church Committee Report on Covert Actions in Chile, 1963-1973
Racism and Ethnic Conflict in Independent Africa
Statements from General Idi Amin and the Ugandan Army
Nelson Mandela, The Rivonia Trial Speech to the Court
South and Southeast Asia After Colonialism
Jawaharlal Nehru, Speeches and Writings, 1952-1955
Ho Chi Minh-Johnson Correspondence, February 1967
IV. Century's Close: From Cold War to Globalization
12. The 1970s and 1980s: Years of Challenge and Change
New Forces in the International Economy
Mana Saeed al-Otaiba, The Arab Oil Weapon
Akio Morita, Made in Japan
Environmentalism, Economic Development, and Social Justice
Chico Mendes, Fight for the Forest
Li Boning and Hou Xueyu, Views of China's Three Gorges Project
Religion and Politics in the 1970s and 1980s
Final Document of the Third General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate
Jerry Falwell, An Agenda for the 1980s
Girilal Jain, Editorials
Third World Women Between Tradition and Change
Zand Dokht, The Revolution That Failed Women
Association of African Women for Research and Development, A Statement on Genital Mutilation
Editorial Against Dowry
Communism's Reform, Communism's Retreat
Deng Xiaoping, Speeches and Writings
Chinese Poster Art from the 1980s
Mikhail Gorbachev, Perestroika
13. The Century's Last Decade
The Debate on Free Trade and Economic Globalization
Ralph Nader, Free Trade and the Decline of Democracy
David R. Henderson, Economic Miracles
The New Immigration and Its Critics
J�rg Haider, The Freedom I Mean
Roy H. Beck, The Case Against Immigration
Ethnic Hatreds and Racial Reconciliation
T.D. Allman, Serbia's Blood War
Fergal Keane, Season of Blood
Nelson Mandela, Presidential Inauguration Speech, May 10, 1994"

About the Author

James H. Overfield received his Ph.D. from Princeton University. He is Professor and Chair of History at the University of Vermont. In 1999 he received the University's outstanding teaching award. His publications include HUMANISM AND SCHOLASTICISM IN LATE MEDIEVAL GERMANY (Princeton University Press, 1984), as well as numerous articles published in such journals as Societas and Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History. He is also the author of SOURCES OF TWENTIETH-CENTURY GLOBAL HISTORY, published by Houghton Mifflin (2002).

Reviews

I. The World in an Era of Transformation and Western Dominance, 1880-1914 1. Global Interaction in an Era of Imperialism and Migration Imperialism: Western Justifications Jules Ferry, Speech before the French Chamber of Deputies, 1883 Theodore Roosevelt, The Strenuous Life The Economics of Imperialism Records of the Maji-Maji Uprising G.V. Joshi, The Economic Results of Free Trade and Railway Extension Responses to Western Domination Two Proclamations of the Boxer Rebellion Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Speech to the Indian National Congress, 1907 Yamagata Aritomo, Opinion on Military Affairs and Conscription Migrants and Their Experiences Abdool Rehman, Memorandum to Lord Selborne, High Commissioner of Transvaal, October 1905 Henry Cabot Lodge, Speech to the United States Senate, March 16, 1896 2. Seeds of Change: Politics, Society, and Culture Revolutionaries and Revolutions in the Early 1900s Sun Yat-Sen, The Three People's Principles and the Future of the Chinese People Platform of the Russian Social Democratic Party, 1903 The Plan of Ayala The New Voice of Women in the Early Twentieth Century Bahithat al-Badiya, A Lecture in the Club of the Umma Party, 1909 Anna Howard Shaw, Presidential Addresses at the Conventions of National American Woman Suffrage Association, 1905, 1906 Qiu Jin, An Address to Two Hundred Million Fellow Countrywomen New Trends in Western Culture and Thought Friedrich Nietzsche, The Gay Science and On the Genealogy of Morals Excerpts from Futurist Manifestos, 1909-1914 II. Decades of War, Economic Upheaval, and Revolution, 1914-1939 3. World War I and Its Global Significance The Trauma of the Trenches Popular Art and Poster Art from Germany, England, Australia, and France Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est and Disabled Christopher Nevinson, The Harvest of Battle; Otto Dix, Storm Troop Advancing under Gas The Century's First Genocide Mary L. Graffam, Letter from Turkey, Summer 1915 Talaat Pasha, Posthumous Memoirs The Russian Revolution and the Beginnings of the Soviet State Lenin, April Theses Communist Decrees and Legislation, 1917-1918 The Peace That Failed Comments of the German Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference on the Conditions of Peace, October 1919 General Syrian Congress of Damascus, Resolution of July 2, 1919 Deng Yingchao, Memoirs 4. Decades of Crisis in the Western World and the Soviet Union Modernism and Mass Culture Between the Wars Walter Gropius, Dessau Bauhaus--Principles of Bauhaus Construction; Examples of Bauhaus Design Senator Henry L. Meyers, U.S. Senate Speech, June 29, 1922 The Impact of the Great Depression H. Hessel Tiltman, Slump! A Study of Stricken Europe Today Franklin D. Roosevelt, Annual Address to Congress, January 4, 1935 Nazism in Theory and Practice Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf Gertrud Scholtz-Klink, Speech to the National Socialist Women's Association, September 1935 The Stalin Revolution in the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin, The Results of the First Five-Year Plan Letters to Izvestiya on the Abortion Issue, May-June 1936 5. Latin America in an Era of Economic Challenge and Political Change New Social and Political Currents: Feminism and Indigenismo Amanda Labarca, Where Is Woman Going? Jose Carlos Mariategui, The Problem of the Indian and The Problem of the Land Political Responses to the Great Depression Lazaro Cardenas, Speech to the Nation Getulio Vargas, Excerpts from Speeches and Interviews, 1937-1940 The Mexican Muralists and the Revolution in Mexican Art Jose Clemente Orozco, Autobiography Jose Clemente Orozco, Hispanic-American Society, and Diego Rivera, Imperialism 6. Africa Under Colonial Rule European Perspectives on Africa's Future Jan Smuts, Rhodes Memorial Lectures Sir Frederick Gordon Guggisberg, The Keystone African Society and Identity Under Colonial Rule James Aggrey, Parable of the Eagle Kabaka Daudi Chwa, Education, Civilization, and "Foreignization" in Buganda Charlotte Maxeke, Social Conditions Among Bantu Women and Girls Nationalism, Pan-Africanism, and Anticolonialism Resolutions of the National Congress of British West Africa, 1920 1921 Pan-African Congress, London Manifesto Gilbert Coka, "The African Liberator, Our Message" 7. Asia in an Era of Nationalism and Revolution Political and Religious Currents in the Middle East Mustafa Kemal, Speech to the Congress of the People's Republican Party Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Speech at the Inauguration of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Muslim Brotherhood, Toward the Light Anticolonialism in India and Southeast Asia Mohandas Gandhi, Indian Home Rule Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Speech to the Muslim League, 1940 Nguyen Thai Hoc, Letter to the French Chamber of Deputies, 1930 Intellectual Ferment and Revolution in China Hu Shi, Our Attitude Toward Modern Civilization of the West Mao Zedong, Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan; Strategic Problems of China's Revolutionary War Nationalism and Militarism in Japan The Black Dragon Society, Anniversary Statement, 1930 Fundamental Principles of National Policy, 1936 III. From World War II to the Early 1970s: Decades of Conflict, Decolonization, and Economic Recovery 8. World War II and Its Aftermath Appeasement and the Origins of World War II in Europe Neville Chamberlain, Excerpts from Correspondence, Diary, and Speeches Winston Churchill, Speech to Parliament, October 5, 1938 The Final Solution: Perpetrators and Victims Rudolf Hoss, Memoirs "B.F.," Recollections The Dawn of the Atomic Age The Franck Report Henry L. Stimson, The Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb Iwao Nakamura and Atsuko Tsujioka, Recollections From World War II to the Cold War George Kennan, The Long Telegram Nikolai Novikov, Telegram, September 27, 1947 9. The Industrialized West in an Era of Economic Growth and Social Change The End of Empires Debate in the House of Commons, March 1947 Charles de Gaulle, Comments on Algeria, April 11, 1961 Discontent in the Midst of Prosperity: The United States in the 1950s and Early 1960s Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique Martin Luther King, Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail Rachel Carson, Silent Spring The Late 1960s: Years of Protest and Polarization Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, We Want Black Power Feminist Manifestoes from the Late 1960s Three Student Pamphlets from the University of Paris 10. Worlds Apart: The USSR, the Soviet Bloc, and China Dissent and Repression in the Soviet Union Andrei Sakharov, Roy Medvedev, and Valentin Turchin, Letter to Comrades Brezhnev, Kosygin, and Podgorny Secret KGB Report, December 21, 1970 Unrest in Eastern Europe and Soviet Response Ludvik Vaculik, Two Thousand Words to Workers, Farmers, Scientists, Artists, and Everyone Leonid Brezhnev, Speech to the Fifth Congress of the Polish United Workers' Party Utopian Dreams in Mao's China Tan Manni, Lushan's Pig-Iron "Sputnik" One Hundred Items for Destroying the Old and Establishing the New Poster Art from The Cultural Revolution 11. The Emergence of a Third World New Sources of Conflict in the Middle East The Palestine National Charter Chaim Herzog, Speech to the United Nations General Assembly Revolution and Reaction in Latin America Ernesto "Che" Guevara, Message to the Tricontinental Conference Church Committee Report on Covert Actions in Chile, 1963-1973 Racism and Ethnic Conflict in Independent Africa Statements from General Idi Amin and the Ugandan Army Nelson Mandela, The Rivonia Trial Speech to the Court South and Southeast Asia After Colonialism Jawaharlal Nehru, Speeches and Writings, 1952-1955 Ho Chi Minh-Johnson Correspondence, February 1967 IV. Century's Close: From Cold War to Globalization 12. The 1970s and 1980s: Years of Challenge and Change New Forces in the International Economy Mana Saeed al-Otaiba, The Arab Oil Weapon Akio Morita, Made in Japan Environmentalism, Economic Development, and Social Justice Chico Mendes, Fight for the Forest Li Boning and Hou Xueyu, Views of China's Three Gorges Project Religion and Politics in the 1970s and 1980s Final Document of the Third General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate Jerry Falwell, An Agenda for the 1980s Girilal Jain, Editorials Third World Women Between Tradition and Change Zand Dokht, The Revolution That Failed Women Association of African Women for Research and Development, A Statement on Genital Mutilation Editorial Against Dowry Communism's Reform, Communism's Retreat Deng Xiaoping, Speeches and Writings Chinese Poster Art from the 1980s Mikhail Gorbachev, Perestroika 13. The Century's Last Decade The Debate on Free Trade and Economic Globalization Ralph Nader, Free Trade and the Decline of Democracy David R. Henderson, Economic Miracles The New Immigration and Its Critics Jorg Haider, The Freedom I Mean Roy H. Beck, The Case Against Immigration Ethnic Hatreds and Racial Reconciliation T.D. Allman, Serbia's Blood War Fergal Keane, Season of Blood Nelson Mandela, Presidential Inauguration Speech, May 10, 1994