Table of Contents

One. Introduction.- One. Introduction.- (1) Previous work.- (2) Scientific importance of the Holywell Coombe site.- (3) Nature of the threat.- (4) Programme of research.- (5) The nature of the investigation.- (6) Nomenclature and terminology.- (7) Storage and archive.- Two. Environmental Background.- Two. Environmental Background.- (1) Location of the site.- (2) Palaeogeographical context.- (3) Solid geology.- (4) Geomorphology.- (5) Climate.- Three. The Geology.- 1. Stratigraphical investigations.- (1) General stratigraphy inferred from the borehole survey.- (2) Representative sections.- (3) Correlation of sections.- 2. Sedimentological investigations.- (1) Petrography of sediments and buried soils.- (2) Petrology of tufa sediments.- (3) Mineral magnetic properties of valley-fill sediments: implications for provenance and weathering history.- Four. Radiocarbon Dating.- Four. Radiocarbon Dating.- (1) Introduction.- (2) Physical and chemical pretreatment.- (3) Sample preparation and isotopic measurement.- (4) Results and discussion.- Five. Biostratigraphy and Palaeoecology.- 1. Paleobotany.- (1) Introduction.- (2) Methods and results.- (3) Vegetational history.- (4) Notable plant records.- (5) Discussion.- 2. Fungal spores and other microfossils.- (1) Introduction: Quaternary palaeomycology.- (2) Methods: preparation and enumeration.- (3) Results.- (4) Fungi, algae and other non-pollen microfossils.- (5) Sample interpretations.- (6) Conclusions.- 3. Mollusca.- (1) Introduction.- (2) Sampling and laboratory analysis.- (3) Preservation.- (4) Notes on identification.- (5) Analysis of faunal change through the sections.- (6) Notes on selected species.- (7) Reversed coiling.- (8) Traces of predation.- (9) Synthesis of faunal history and molluscan zonation.- (10) Discussion and conclusions.- 4. Insects.- (1) Introduction.- (2) Sampling and analysis.- (3) Local environmental reconstructions based on the Coleoptera.- (4) Analysis of faunal changes.- (5) Summary of the local environment inferred from the Coleoptera.- (6) Climatic implications of the Coleoptera.- (7) Caddisflies and other aquatic insects N. E. Williams.- (8) Chironomidae.- 5. Mites.- (1) Introduction.- (2) Material and methods.- (3) Results.- (4) Discussion.- (5) Conclusions.- 6. Ostracoda.- (1) Introduction.- (2) Sampling and treatment of data.- (3) Taxonomy and problems of identification.- (4) Faunal analyses of the profiles.- (5) Comments on species of interest.- (6) Discussion and conclusions.- 7. Vertebrates.- (1) Introduction.- (2) Identification and interpretation.- Six. The Prehistory of Holywell Coombe.- Six. The Prehistory of Holywell Coombe.- (1) Introduction.- (2) The 1987 excavation.- (3) The 1988 excavation.- (4) The flint-work.- (5) The Neolithic-Early Bronze Age pottery.- (6) The Late Bronze Age and Iron Age pottery.- (7) The ‘Belgic’, Roman and later pottery.- (8) Conclusions.- (9) Holywell Coombe and other Channel Tunnel sites: a brief overview.- Seven. Present-day Ecology of the Folkestone Escarpment.- Seven. Present-day Ecology of the Folkestone Escarpment.- (1) Introduction.- (2) Modern surface soils.- (3) Vegetation.- (4) Invertebrate fauna.- (5) Discussion and conclusions.- Eight. Synthesis.- Eight. Synthesis.- (1) Geological sequence at Holywell Coombe.- (2) General conclusions and comparisons with sites elsewhere.- References.

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