Table of Contents
Volume I: Sources and Legacy
Contents
Acknowledgements
General introduction
Introduction to volume 1
Part 1. Brentano’s Life and Work
Mario Puglisi, ‘Franz Brentano: A Biographical Sketch’, The
American Journal of Psychology, 35, 3, 1924, 414–419.
John Passmore, extract from ‘The Movement towards Objectivity’,
in Hundred Years of Philosophy (London: Duckworth, 1957), pp.
175–181.
Herbert Spiegelberg, ‘Franz Brentano (1838–1917): Forerunner of
the Phenomenological Movement’, in The Phenomenological Movement. A
Historical Introduction, (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1960. Second revised
edition 1978. Third expanded edition with the collaboration of Karl
Schuhmann, 1982), pp. 27–50.
Part 2. Brentano and Aristotle
Rolf George and Glen Koehn, ‘Brentano’s Relation to Aristotle’,
in D. Jacquette (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Brentano
(Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2004), pp. 20–44.
First published in Grazer Philosophische Studien, 5, 197–210
John L. Ackrill, ‘Review of F. Brentano, The Psychology of
Aristotle (in Particular His Doctrine of the Active Interest)’,
Classical Review, 29, 1, 1979, 165.
Barry Smith, ‘The Soul and Its Parts: A Study in Aristotle and
Brentano’, Brentano Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch der Franz
Brentano Forschung, 1, 1988, 75–88.
Jonathan Barnes, ‘Review of F. Brentano, Über Aristoteles’,
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 49, 1, 1988,
162–167.
Susan F. Krantz, ‘Brentano’s Argument Against Aristotle for the
Immateriality of the Soul’, Brentano Studien. Internationales
Jahrbuch der Franz Brentano Forschung, 1, 1988, 63–74.
Mauro Antonelli, ‘In Search of Lost Substance: Brentano on
Aristotle’s Doctrine of Categories’, revised and enlarged
translation of ‘Auf der Suche nach der Substanz. Brentanos Stellung
in der Rezeption der Aristotelischen Ontologie im 19. Jahrhundert’,
Brentano Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch der Franz Brentano
Forschung, 1990/91, 19–46.
Richard Sorabji, ‘From Aristotle to Brentano: The Development
of the Concept of Intentionality’, in Oxford Studies in Ancient
Philosophy, Supplementary Volume: Aristotle and the Later
Tradition, edited by H. Blumenthal & H. Robinson (Oxford: Clarendon
Press, 1991), pp. 227– 259.
Enrico Berti, ‘Brentano and Aristotle’s Metaphysics’, in R. W.
Sharples (ed.), Whose Aristotle? Whose Aristotelianism? (Aldershot:
Ashgate, 20011), pp. 135–149.
Werner Sauer, ‘Being as the True: From Aristotle to Brentano’,
in D. Fisette and G. Fréchette (eds.), Themes from Brentano,
(Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi, 2013), pp. 193–226. Revised version by
the author for the volume.
Part 3. Brentano on Medieval and Modern Philosophy
Herbert Spiegelberg, ‘"Intention" and "Intentionality" in the
Scholastics, Brentano and Husserl’, in L. L. McAlister (ed.), The
Philosophy of Brentano, (London: Duckworth, 1976), pp. 108–127.
Originally published in Studia Philosophica, 29, 1970,
189-216.
Etienne Gilson, ‘Franz Brentano’s Interpretation of Medieval
Philosophy’, in L. L. McAlister (ed.), The Philosophy of Brentano,
(London: Duckworth, 1976), pp. 56–67. Originally published in
Mediaeval Studies, 1, 1, 1939, 1–10.
Ausonio Marras, ‘Scholastic Roots of Brentano’s Conception of
Intentionality’, in L. L. McAlister (ed.), The Philosophy of
Brentano, (London: Duckworth, 1976), pp.128–139. Originally
published in.Rassegna di Scienze Filosofiche, 1, 1974,
213–226.
Richard Aquila, ‘Brentano, Descartes, and Hume on Awareness’,
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 35, 2, 1974,
223–239.
Dieter Münch, ‘Brentano and Comte’, Grazer Philosophische
Studien, 35, 1989, 33–54.
Part 4. Legacy
Carl Stumpf, ‘Reminiscences of Franz Brentano’, in L. L.
McAlister (ed.), The Philosophy of Brentano, (London: Duckworth,
1976), pp.10–46. Originally published in O. Kraus (ed.), Franz
Brentano. Zur Kenntnis seines Lebens und seiner Lehre, (Munich:
Beck, 1919), pp. 85–149.
Edmund Husserl, ‘Reminiscences of Franz Brentano’, in L. L.
McAlister (ed.), The Philosophy of Brentano (London: Duckworth,
1976), pp. 47–55. Originally published in O. Kraus (ed.), Franz
Brentano. Zur Kenntnis seines Lebens und seiner Lehre, (Munich:
Beck, 1919), pp.151–167.
Alexius Meinong, [‘Reminiscences of Franz Brentano’], extracts
from ‘Meinong’s Life and Work’, in R. Grossmann Meinong (London:
Routledge, 1974 [1921]), pp. 230–232.
Martin Heidegger, ‘Letter to Richardson’, in W. J. Richardson,
Heidegger: Through Phenomenology to Thought, (The Hague: Nijhoff,
1963), pp. X–XI.
John C. M. Brentano, ‘The Manuscripts of Franz Brentano’, Revue
Internationale de Philosophie, 20, 78, 1966, 477–482.
Michael Dummett, ‘The Legacy of Brentano’, in Origins of
Analytical Philosophy, (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press,
1994), pp. 28–42.
Roderick M. Chisholm and Michael Corrado, ‘The Brentano-Vailati
Correspondence’, Topoi, 1, 1982, 3–7.
Barry Smith, ‘Austrian Philosophy and the Brentano School’, in
Austrian Philosophy: The Legacy of Franz Brentano, (Chicago/La
Salle, IL: Open Court, 1994), pp. 7–30.
Dariusz Łukasiewicz, ‘Polish Metaphysics and the Brentanian
Tradition’, in Sandra Lapointe, Jan Wolenski, Mathieu Marion and
Wioletta Miskiewicz (eds), The Golden Age of Polish Philosophy:
Kazimierz Twardowski's Philosophical Legacy (Dordrecht: Kluwer,
2009), pp. 19-31.
Volume II: Intentionality and Philosophy of Mind
Introduction to volume 2, M. Antonelli, F. Boccaccini
Part 5. Psychology
Robert Flint, ‘Review of F. Brentano, Psychologie vom
empirischen Standpunkt’, Mind, 1, 1, 1876, 116–122.
Théodule Ribot, ‘Brentano’, in German Psychology of Today: The
Empirical School, translated from the second French edition by J.
M. Baldwin, (New York: Schribner, 1886), pp. 295–300.
William James, ‘On Brentano’, extract in The Principles of
Psychology (Cambridge, Massachusetts/London, England: Harvard
University Press, 1981 [1980]), vol. 1, pp. 185-191.
George F. Stout, ‘On Brentano', extracts from Analytic
Psychology, vol. 1 (London/New York: Mcmillan & Co., 1896), pp.
40–42; pp. 106–111; pp. 116–120.
H. T. Watt, ‘Review of F. Brentano, Untersuchungen zur
Sinnespsychologie’, Mind, 17, 65, 1908, pp. 128–129.
Paul Natorp, ‘Brentano’, trans. R. D. Rollinger, in Allgemeine
Psychologie nach kritischer Methode (Tübingen: Mohr, 1912), pp.
241–245.
Martin Heidegger, ‘Review of F. Brentano, Von der
Klassifikation der psychischen Phänomene (1914)’, trans. R. D.
Rollinger, Literarische Rundschau für das katholische Deutschland,
40, 5, 1914, 233–234.
Edward B. Titchener, ‘Brentano and Wundt: Empirical and
Experimental Psychology’, American Journal of Psychology, 32, 1,
1921, 108–120.
Edward B. Titchener, ‘Review of F. Brentano, Psychologie vom
empirischen Standpunkt’, American Journal of Psychology, 36, 2,
1925, 303–304.
Edwin G. Boring, ‘Franz Brentano’, in A History of Experimental
Psychology (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1929/1950), pp.
356–361.
Raymond E. Fancher, ‘Brentano’s Psychology from an Empirical
Standpoint and Freud’s Early Metapsychology’, Journal of the
History of the Behavioural Sciences, 13, 3, 1977, 207–227.
Ernst Sosa, ‘Review of Franz Brentano, Psychology from an
Empirical Standpoint III’, Canadian Philosophical Reviews/Revue
Canadienne de Comptes Rendus en Philosophie, 4, 1, 1984, pp.
6–8.
Part 6. Intentionality
Alexius Meinong, ‘Object and Content’, in Marie-Luise Schubert
Kalsi, Alexius Meinong on Objects of Higher Order and Husserl’s
Phenomenology (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1978), pp.141–143.
Edmund Husserl, ‘Appendix: External and Internal Perception:
Physical and Physical Phenomena’, from Logical Investigations,
translated by J.N. Findlay from the second German edition of
Logische Untersuchungen; with a new preface by Michael Dummett; and
edited with a new introduction by Dermot Moran, (London: Routledge,
2001), pp. 335-348.
Ludwig Wittgenstein, ‘Brentano’, in Gordon Backer (ed), The
Voices of Wittgenstein: The Vienna Circle (London: Routledge, 2003
[1930]), pp. 443–451.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘Intentional Inexistence’, in L. L.
McAlister (ed.), The Philosophy of Brentano, (London: Duckworth,
1976), pp. 140–150. Originally published in Perceiving: A
Philosophical Study (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1957)
pp. 168–185.
Linda L. McAlister, ‘Chisholm and Brentano on Intentionality’,
in L. L. McAlister (ed.), The Philosophy of Brentano, (London:
Duckworth, 1976), pp.151–159. Originally published in Review of
Metaphysics, 28, 2, 1975, 328–338.
Dagfinn Føllesdal, ‘Brentano and Husserl on Intentional Objects
and Perception’, Grazer Philosophische Studien, 5, 1978,
83–94.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘The Formal Structure of the Intentional:
A Metaphysical Study’, Brentano Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch
der Franz Brentano Forschung, 3, 1990/91, 11–17.
Dermot Moran, ‘Brentano’s Thesis’, Proceedings of the
Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volumes, 70, 1996, 1–27.
Tim Crane, ‘Brentano’s Concept of Intentional Inexistence’, in
M. Textor (ed.), The Austrian Contribution to Analytic Philosophy
(London/New York: Routledge, 2006), pp. 20–35.
Guillaume Fréchette, ‘Brentano’s Thesis (Revisited)’, in D.
Fisette and G. Fréchette (eds.), Themes from Brentano (Studien zur
österreichischen Philosophie, vol. 44, (Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi,
2013), pp. 91–119.
Mauro Antonelli, ‘Franz Brentano’s Intentionality Thesis. A New
Objection to the "Nonsense that was Dreamt up and Attributed to
Him"’, Brentano Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch der Franz
Brentano Forschung, 13, 2015, 23–53.
Part 7. Philosophy of Mind
Max Scheler, ‘Illusion and Internal Perception’, extract from
The Idols of Self-Knowledge in D. R. Lachterman (ed and trans.),
Selected Philosophical Essays (Evanston, IL, Northwestern
University Press, 1973), pp. 17-29. Translated from the German "Die
Idole der Selbsterkenntnis", in Vom Umsturz der Werte, 4th ed.
rev., Gesammelte Werke III (Bern: Francke Verlag, 1955), pp.
215-292.
Bertrand Russell, [‘Brentano’s Analysis of Mind’], extract in
The Analysis of Mind, (London/New York: Allen & Unwin-Mcmillan,
1921), pp. 14–16; 142–143, 246-247.
Charles W. Morris, ‘Mind as Intentional Act. Brentano and the
Historical Background’, in Six Theories of Mind (Chicago, IL: The
University of Chicago Press, 1932), pp.149–152.
Reinhardt Grossmann, ‘Acts and Relations in Brentano’,
Analysis, 21, 1, 1960/61, 1–5.
Reinhard Kamitz, ‘Acts and Relations in Brentano: A Reply to
Prof. Grossmann’, Analysis, 22, 4, 1961/62, 73–78.
Jaegwon Kim, ‘Materialism and the Criteria of the Mental’,
Synthese, 22, 3, 1971, 323–345.
Elisabeth Anscombe, ‘Will and Emotion’, Grazer Philosophische
Studien, 5, 1978, 139–148.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘Brentano’s Analysis of the Consciousness
of Time’, Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 6, 1, 1981, 3–16.
Kevin Mulligan and Barry Smith, ‘Franz Brentano on the Ontology
of Mind’, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 45, 4, 1985,
627–644.
David Bell, ‘Self-evidence, Self-knowledge, and
Self-perception’, in Husserl, (London, Routledge, 1990), pp.
23–28.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘Brentano on "Unconscious
Consciousness"’, in R. Poli (ed.), Consciousness, Knowledge and
Truth: Essays in Honour of Jan Srzednicki, (Dordrecht: Kluwer,
1993), pp. 153–159.
Amie L. Thomasson, ‘After Brentano: A One-Level Theory of
Consciousness’, European Journal of Philosophy, 8, 2, 2000,
190–209.
Uriah Kriegel, ‘Consciousness as Intransitive
Self-Consciousness: Two Views and an Argument’, Canadian Journal of
Philosophy, 33, 1, 2003, 103–132, plus epilogue.
Dan Zahavi, ‘Back to Brentano?’, Journal of Consciousness
Studies, 11, 10–11, 2004, 66–87.
Federico Boccaccini, ‘Brentano’s Use of Mental Act’
(original contribution for the volume)
Volume III: Metaphysics, Logic, Epistemology
Introduction to volume 3, M. Antonelli, F. Boccaccini
Part 8. Theory of Categories
Oskar Kraus, ‘On Categories, Relations and Fictions’,
Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 42, 1941/42, 101–116.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘Brentano’s Conception of Substance and
Accident’, Grazer Philosophische Studien, 5, 1978, 197–210.
Andrew Burgess, ‘Review of F. Brentano, The Theory of
Categories’, The Thomist, 48, 3, 1984, 493–497.
Barry Smith, ‘The Substance of Brentano’s Ontology’, Topoi, 6,
1, 1987, 39–49.
Peter M. Simons, ‘Brentano’s Theory of Categories: A Critical
Appraisal’, Brentano Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch der Franz
Brentano Forschung, 1, 1988, 47–61.
Part 9. Reism
Tadeusz Kotarbinski, ‘Franz Brentano as Reist’, trans. Linda L.
McAlister and Margarete Schattle in L. L. McAlister (ed.), The
Philosophy of Brentano, (London: Duckworth, 1976), pp. 194–203.
Originally published as ‘Franz Brentano comme réiste’, Revue
Internationale de Philosophie, 20, 78, 1966, 459–476.
D. B. Terrell, ‘Brentano’s Argument for Reismus’, in L. L.
McAlister (ed.), The Philosophy of Brentano (London: Duckworth,
1976), pp. 204–212. Originally published in Revue Internationale de
Philosophie, 20, 78, 1966, 446–458.
Jan Wolenski, ‘Reism in the Brentanist Tradition’, in L.
Albertazzi, M. Libardi and R. Poli (eds.), The School of Franz
Brentano (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1996), pp. 357–375.
Arkadiusz Chrudzimski and Barry Smith, ‘Brentano’s Ontology:
From Conceptualism to Reism’, in D. Jacquette (ed.), The Cambridge
Companion to Brentano (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press,
2004), pp. 197–219.
Part 10. Logic and Language
Jan P. N. Land, ‘Brentano’s Logical Innovations’, Mind, 1, 2,
1876, 289–292.
Wilhelm Windelband, ‘Contributions to the Theory of Negative
Judgement’, trans. R. D. Rollinger, Strassburger Abhandlungen zur
Philosophie. E. Zeller zu seinem 70. Geburtstag. (Freiburg
i.Br./Tübingen, 1884), pp. 165-195.
Martin Heidegger, ‘Judgement Characterised as a Basic Class of
Psychical Phenomena (Franz Brentano, Anton Marty)’, trans. R. D.
Rollinger, in Die Lehre vom Urteil im Psychologismus: Ein
kritisch-positiver Beitrag zur Logik (Leipzig: Barth, 1914), pp.
57–66.
Hugo Bergmann, ‘Brentano’s Theory of Induction’, Philosophy and
Phenomenological Research, 5, 2, 1944/45, 281–292.
Jan T. J. Srzednicki, ‘Some Elements of Brentano’s Analysis of
Language and their Ramifications’, Revue Internationale de
Philosophie, 20, 78, 1966, 434–445.
Peter Geach, ‘The Hume-Brentano-Gilson Thesis’, extract in
Logic Matters (Oxford: Blackwell, 1972), pp. 263–267.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘Brentano’s Theory of Judgement’, in
Brentano and Meinong Studies, (Amsterdam/Atlanta: Rodopi, 1982),
pp. 17–36.
Peter M. Simons, ‘Brentano’s Reform of Logic’, Topoi, 6, 1,
1987, 25–38.
David Bell, ‘A Brentanian Philosophy of Arithmetic’, Brentano
Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch der Franz Brentano Forschung, 2,
1989, 139–144.
Marietje van der Schaar, ‘Brentano on Logic, Truth and
Evidence’, Brentano Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch der Franz
Brentano Forschung, 10, 2003, 113–142.
Part 11. Epistemology
Moritz Schlick, ‘On Evidence’, extracts in General Theory of
Knowledge, trans. by A. E. Blumberg; with an introduction by A. E.
Blumberg and H. Feigl, (New York: Springer, 1974 [1918]), pp.
39–44, 82–90, 147–161.
Wolfgang Stegmüller, ‘Critical Empiricism: Franz Brentano’,
trans. R. D. Rollinger in Hauptströmungen der Gegenwartsphilosophie
1st ed. (Wien/Stuttgart: Humboldt-Verlag, 1952), pp. 45–88.
Stephan Körner, ‘On Brentano’s Objections to Kant’s Theory of
Knowledge’, Topoi, 6, 1, 1987, 11–17.
Jan Wolenski, ‘Brentano’s Criticism of the Correspondence
Conception of Truth and Tarski’s Semantic Theory’, Topoi, 8, 1,
1989, 105–110.
Volume IV Ethics, Aesthetics, Religion
Introduction to volume 4, M. Antonelli, F. Boccaccini
Part 12. Ethics and Value Theory
George E. Moore, ‘Review of F. Brentano, The Origin of the
Knowledge of Right and Wrong’, International Journal of Ethics, 14,
1, 1903, 115–123.
George E. Moore, ‘Preface’, in Principia Ethica (Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press, 1960 [1903]), pp. vii-xii.
Max Scheler, ‘The Non-Formal A Priori in Ethics’, in Formalism
in Ethics and Non-Formal Ethics of Values. A New Attempt toward the
Foundation of an Ethical Personalism, translated from the German
5th ed. rev., Der Formalismus in der Ethik und die materiale
Wertethik (Bern: Francke Verlag, 1966) by M. S. Frings and R. L.
Funk, (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1973 [1916]),
pp. 81–91.
Howard O. Eaton, ‘Brentano’s Empirical Psychology’, in The
Austrian Philosophy of Values (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma
Press,1930), pp. 15–39.
William D. Ross, ‘Brentano and the Foundations of Ethics’,
extract in Foundations of Ethics (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1939),
pp. 279–283.
Everett W. Hall, ‘Is Value the Being an Object or a Right
Love?’, extract in What is Value? An Essay in Philosophical
Analysis (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1952), pp. 94–112.
John N. Findlay, ‘Review of F. Brentano, Grunlegung und Aufbau
der Ethik’, The Philosophical Review, 63, 3, 1954, 432–435.
Gabriel Franks, ‘Was G. E. Moore Mistaken About Brentano?’, in
L. L. McAlister (ed.), The Philosophy of Brentano (London:
Duckworth, 1976), pp.182–193. Originally published in The New
Scholasticism, 43, 2, 1969, 252–268.
John N. Findlay, ‘Brentano and the Axiological Ethics’, extract
in Axiological Ethics, (London: Macmillan, 1970), pp. 16–24.
Linda L. McAlister, ‘The Development of Brentano’s Later
Ethical Theory’, in The Development of Franz Brentano’s Ethics
(Elementa, vol. 27), (Amsterdam/Atlanta: Rodopi, 1982), pp.
141–167.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘Correct Emotion’, in Brentano and
Intrinsic Value (Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1986),
pp. 47–58.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘The Hierarchy of Values’, in Brentano
and Intrinsic Value (Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press,
1986), pp. 59–67.
Sven Danielsson and Jonas Olson, ‘Brentano and the
Buck-Passers’, Mind, 116, 463, 2007, 511–522.
Part 13. Aesthetics, History, Religion
Mario Puglisi, ‘Wisdom and Religion According to Franz
Brentano’, The Personalist, 16, 1935, 68–72.
George Katkov, ‘The Pleasant and the Beautiful’, Proceedings of
the Aristotelian Society, 40, 1939/40, 177–206.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘Review of F. Brentano, Religion und
Philosophie’, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 16, 3,
1955/56, 439– 440.
Rush Rhees, ‘Review of F. Brentano, Religion und Philosophie’,
Mind, 66, 262, 1957, 274–276.
Hugo Bergman, ‘Brentano on the History of Greek Philosophy’,
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 26, 1, 1965, 94–99.
Andrew J. Burgess, ‘Brentano as Philosopher of Religion’,
International Journal for Philosophy of Religion, 5, 2, 1974,
79–90.
Andrew J. Burgess, ‘Brentano’s Evolving God’, The New
Scholasticism, 55, 1, 1981, 438–449.
Roderick M. Chisholm, ‘Brentano’s Theory of Pleasure and Pain’,
Topoi, 6, 1, 1987, 59–64.
Lynn Pasquerella, ‘Brentano and Aesthetic Intentions’, Brentano
Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch der Franz Brentano Forschung, 4,
1992/93, 235–249.
Rudolf Haller, ‘Remarks on Brentano’s Aesthetics’, trans R. D.
Rollinger, in Brentano Studien. Internationales Jahrbuch der Franz
Brentano Forschung, 5, 1994, 177–186.
Eberhard Tiefensee, ‘Philosopy and Religion in the Work of
Franz Brentano’, trans. R. D. Rollinger, in E. Coreth, W. Ernst and
E. Tiefensee (eds), Von Gott reden in säkularer Gesellschaft,
(Leipzig: Benno Verlag, 1996), pp. 175–195.
Peter Simons, ‘The Four Phases of Philosophy: Brentano’s Theory
and Austrian’s History’, The Monist, 83, 1, 2000, 68–88.
Werner Sauer, ‘Erneuerung der Philosophia Perennis: Über die
ersten vier Habilitationsthesen Brentanos’, Grazer Philosophische
Studien, 58–59, 2000, 119–149.
Susan F. Krantz Gabriel, ‘Brentano on Religion and Natural
Theology’, in D. Jacquette (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to
Brentano (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2004), pp.
237–254.
Richard Schaefer, ‘Infallibility and Intentionality: Franz
Brentano’s Diagnosis of German Catholicism’, Journal of the History
of Ideas, 68, 3, 2007, 477–499.
Index
About the Author
Edited and with a new introduction by Mauro Antonelli,
University of Milan, Italy and Federico Boccaccini, visiting
associate professor in Philosophy at University of Brasilia and
scientific collaborator at University of Liège, Belgium