Table of Contents

Preface Acknowledgements INTRODUCTION: PROBLEMS FACING WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT MANAGEMENT oManagement for Water and Wastewater Treatment Facilities oManagement Problems Facing POTWs oCompliance with New, Changing, and Existing Regulations oUpgrading Facilities, Equipment and Unit Processes oStaving Off Privatization oMaintaining a Viable Workforce oSummary PART 1: THE HYDROGEOLOGIC CYCLE 1. NATURAL AND URBAN WATER CYCLES oHydrogeologic Pathways oThe Water Cycle oThe Urban Water Cycle oSampling and Testing oSummary oReferences PART 2: BASICS OF WATER TREATMENT 2. WATER REGULATIONS, PARAMETERS, AND CHARACTERISTICS oPurpose: Quality Parameters for Water oPurpose: Water Treatment oWater Quality: Federal Regulations oWater Quality Characteristics oPhysical Water Quality Characteristics oChemical Water Quality Characteristics oBiological Water Quality Characteristics oSummary oReferences 3. WATER PURIFICATION: SYSTEM OVERVIEW oProcess Purpose: Water Purification oWater Treatment Unit Processes oSummary oReference 4. SOURCES, INTAKE, AND SCREENING oIntroduction: Water Sources oWater Sources oProcess Purpose: Intake and Screening oProcess Equipment: Screening oSummary 5. COAGULATION AND FLOCCULATION oProcess Purpose oCoagulant Chemicals oProcess Operation: Coagulation oProcess Operation: Flocculation oSummary oReferences 6. SEDIMENTATION oProcess Purpose oProcess Equipment oProcess Operation oSummary 7. FILTRATION oProcess Purpose oProcess Equipment oSummary 8. DISINFECTION oProcess Purpose oChlorination oAlternative Methods of Disinfection oMembrane Processes oSummary 9. DISTRIBUTION oProcess Purpose and Method oProcess Equipment oSummary oReference PART 3: BASICS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT 10. WASTEWATER REGULATIONS, PARAMETERS, AND CHARACTERISTICS oPurpose: Wastewater Parameters oPurpose: Wastewater Treatment oWastewater Regulations oWastewater Characteristics oSummary oReference 11. WASTEWATER SOURCES AND TYPES oWastewater oWastewater Sources and General Constituents oAverage Wastewater Physical Characteristics oSummary oReference 12. BASIC OVERVIEW OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT oWastewater Treatment oSummary 13. COLLECTION SYSTEMS oProcess Purpose: Collection oCollection System Types oCollection System Components oConstruction Materials oMaintenance oLine Cleaning oCommon Collection System Problems oNew Technologies oSummary oReference 14. PRELIMINARY TREATMENT oPreliminary Treatment Processes oProcess Purpose and Equipment oSummary 15. PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION oProcess Purpose and Method oProcess Equipment: Sedimentation Tanks oSettling Tank Effluent oSummary 16. BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT oProcess Purpose oProcess Systems oTrickling Filters oRotating Biological Contactors (RBCs) oTreatment Ponds and Lagoons oActivated Sludge Systems oSummary 17. SECONDARY SEDIMENTATION oProcess Purpose oSecondary Settling oSummary 18. ADVANCED TREATMENT oProcess Purpose oAdvanced Treatment Processes oSummary oReferences 19. WASTEWATER DISINFECTION oProcess Purpose oChlorination oDechlorination oUV (Ultraviolet) Radiation oOzonation oBromine Chloride oNo Disinfection oSummary 20. DISCHARGE EFFLUENT oProcess Purpose: Discharge and Reuse oWastewater Discharge oWastewater Reuse oSummary PART 4: BASICS OF BIOSOLIDS TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT 21. WATER SOLIDS MANAGEMENT: SYSTEM OVERVIEW oProcess Purpose: Water Treatment Sludges oWater Treatment Sludge Disposal Regulations oAlum Sludge Treatment Processes oSoftening Sludge (Lime Sludge) Treatment Processes oSummary oReferences 22. WATER SOLIDS TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL oWater Sludge Treatment Processes oThickening oCoagulant Recovery oConditioning oDewatering oDrying oDisposal oRecoverable and Non-recoverable Water oSummary oReferences 23. WASTEWATER BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT: SYSTEM OVERVIEW oProcess Purpose: Wastewater Biosolids Treatment oSewage Biosolids Regulations oProcess: Wastewater Biosolids Treatment oPublic Opinion and Odor Control oSummary oReferences 24. WASTEWATER BIOSOLIDS TREATMENT oWastewater Biosolids Treatment and Disposal Alternatives oThickening oStabilization oChemical Application oConditioning oDewatering oSummary oReferences 25. WASTEWATER BIOSOLIDS DISPOSAL oDisposal Alternatives oDisposal Methods oLand oComposting oIncineration Types of Incinerators oAsh Disposal Versus Reuse oSummary oReferences Appendix A: Summary of Major Amendment Provisions for the 1996 SDWA Regulations Glossary Index

Reviews

"It is a very well-structured book and, when reading it, it becomes clear that it is indeed for the non-engineering professional as mentioned in the title and in the introduction of the book... Technically speaking, the contents of the book are very good and allow the reader to understand all the processes present in different types and steps of water and wastewater treatment. This is also supported by the very good and straightforward way of explaining things and, as already mentioned, the very good structure of the book... In conclusion, this book is a very good introduction and reference book to water and wastewater treatment, especially for the non-engineering professional." -International Journal of Environmental and Pollution, vol. 15, no. 5, 2001