1. Languages and Linguistics.
What Do You Think? How Many Languages Are There in the World? Does
the United States Have an Official Language? What Is Human
Language? Signs: Arbitrary and Non-arbitrary. Languages as
Patterned Structures: Grammatical Competence. Speech as Patterned
Language Use: Communicative Competence. Modes of Linguistic
Communication. Do Only Humans Have Language? Can Chimpanzees Learn
a Human Language? The Origin of Human Languages: Babel to Babble.
What Is Linguistics? Computers and Linguistics. Summary. What Do
You Think? REVISITED. Exercises. Other Resources.
Part 1: LANGUAGE STRUCTURES.
2. Words and Their Parts: Lexicon and Morphology.
What Do You Think? Introduction: Words Seem Tangible. What Does It
Mean to Know a Word? Lexical Categories. Morphemes: Word Parts with
Meaning or Function. How Are Morphemes Organized Within Words? How
Does a Language Increase Its Vocabulary? What Types of
Morphological Systems Do Languages Have? Variant Pronunciations of
a Morpheme: Allomorphy. Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED.
Exercises. Other Resources.
3. The Sounds of Languages: Phonetics.
What Do You Think? Sounds and Spellings: Not the Same Thing.
Phonetics: The Study of Sounds. Describing Consonant Sounds. Kinds
of Consonant Sounds. Vowel Sounds. Summary. What Do You Think?
REVISITED. Exercises. Other Resources.
4. Sound Systems of Language: Phonology.
What Do You Think? Introduction: Sounds in the Mind. Phonological
Rules and Their Structure. Syllables and Syllable Structure.
Stress. Syllables and Stress in Phonological Processes. Morphology
and Phonology Interaction: Allomorphy.
From Lexical Entries to Surface Realizations: What the Brain
Knows.
Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED. Exercises. Other
Resources.
5. The Structure and Function of Phrases and Sentences: Syntax.
What Do You Think? Introduction. Constituency. Major Constituents
of Sentences: Noun Phrases and Verb Phrases. Phrase-Structure
Expansions. Grammatical Relations: Subject, Direct Object, and
Others. Surface Structures and Underlying Structures. Types of
Syntactic Operations. Functions of Syntactic Operations. Recursion
and Novel Sentences. Summary.
What Do You Think? REVISITED. Exercises. Other Resources.
6. The Study of Meaning: Semantics.
What Do You Think? Introduction. Linguistic, Social, and Affective
Meaning. Word, Sentence, and Utterance Meaning. Lexical Semantics.
Function Words and Categories of Meaning. Semantic Roles and
Sentence Meaning. Semantic Roles and Grammatical Relations.
Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED. Exercises. Other
Resources.
7. Language Universals and Language Typology.
What Do You Think? Similarity and Diversity Across Languages.
Phonological Universals. Syntactic and Morphological Universals.
Types of Language Universals. Explanations for Language Universals.
Language Universals, Universal Grammar, and Language Acquisition.
Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED. Exercises. Other
Resources.
Part 2: LANGUAGE USE.
8. Information Structure and Pragmatics.
What Do You Think? Introduction: Encoding Information Structure.
Categories of Information Structure. Information Structure:
Intonation, Morphology, Syntax. The Relationship of Sentences to
Discourse: Pragmatics. Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED.
Exercises. Other Resources.
9. Speech Acts and Conversation.
What Do You Think? Language in Use. Sentence Structure and the
Function of Utterances. Speech Acts. The Cooperative Principle.
Violations of the Cooperative Principle. Politeness. Speech Events.
The Organization of Conversation. Cross-Cultural Communication.
Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED. Exercises. Other
Resources.
10. Language Variation Across Situations of Use: Registers and
Styles.
What Do You Think? Introduction. Language Varies Within a Speech
Community. Speech Situations. Registers in Monolingual Societies.
Similarities and Differences Between Spoken and Written Registers.
Two Registers Compared. Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED.
Exercises. Other Resources.
11. Language Variation Among Social Groups: Dialects.
What Do You Think? Language or Dialect: Which Do You Speak? How Do
Languages Diverge and Merge? National Varieties of English.
Regional Varieties of American English. The Atlas of North American
English. Ethnic Varieties of American English. Ethnic Varieties and
Social Identification. Socioeconomic Status Varieties: English,
French, and Spanish. The Language Varieties of Women and Men. Why
Do Stigmatized Varieties Persist? Summary.
What Do You Think? REVISITED. Exercises. Other Resources.
Part 3: LANGUAGE CHANGE, LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT, AND LANGUAGE
ACQUISITION.
12. Language Change Over Time: Historical Linguistics.
What Do You Think? Do Living Languages Always Change? Language
Families and the Indo-European Family. How to Reconstruct the
Linguistic Past. What Are the Language Families of the World?
.Languages in Contact. Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED.
Exercises. Other Resources.
13. Historical Development in English.
What Do You Think? Old English: 700�1100. Companions of Angels: A
Narrative in Old English. Middle English: 1100�1500. Where Men and
Women Go All Naked: A Middle English Travel Fable. Modern English:
1500�Present. Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED. Exercises.
Other Resources.
14. Acquiring First and Second Languages.
What Do You Think? Introduction. Acquiring a First Language. How Do
Researchers Study Language Acquisition? Acquiring a Second
Language. Summary. What Do You Think? REVISITED. Exercises. Other
Resources.
Glossary.
Index.
Index of Languages.
Index of Internet Sites, Films, and Videos.
Credits.
Edward Finegan (MA and PhD, Ohio University) specializes in sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, forensic linguistics, and the history and structure of the English language. He served as chair of the Department of Linguistics at USC and currently serves as director of USC's Center for Excellence in Teaching. President of the International Association of Forensic Linguists, Finegan is editor of DICTIONARIES: THE JOURNAL OF THE DICTIONARY SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA and has been Liberal Arts Fellow in Law and Linguistics, Harvard University; Visiting Professor at University of Zurich; and Visiting Scholar at University of Helsinki. He also served as Director of American Language Institute/National Iranian Radio and Television [1975-1976 in peaceful times]. He is the recipient of many teaching awards and honors.
Ask a Question About this Product More... |