PART I: INTEGERS AND EQUIVALENCE RELATIONS.
Preliminaries. Properties of Integers. Complex Numbers. Modular
Arithmetic. Mathematical Induction. Equivalence Relations.
Functions (Mappings). Exercises.
PART I!: GROUPS.
1. Introduction to Groups.
Symmetries of a Square. The Dihedral Groups. Exercises. Biography
of Neils Abel
2. Groups.
Definition and Examples of Groups. Elementary Properties of Groups.
Historical Note. Exercises.
3. Finite Groups; Subgroups.
Terminology and Notation. Subgroup Tests. Examples of Subgroups.
Exercises.
4. Cyclic Groups.
Properties of Cyclic Groups. Classification of Subgroups of Cyclic
Groups. Exercises. Biography of J. J. Sylvester. Supplementary
Exercises for Chapters 1-4.
5. Permutation Groups.
Definition and Notation. Cycle Notation. Properties of
Permutations. A Check-Digit Scheme Based on D5. Exercises.
Biography of Augustin Cauchy.
6. Isomorphisms.
Motivation. Definition and Examples. Cayley�s Theorem. Properties
of Isomorphisms.
Automorphisms. Exercises. Biography of Arthur Cayley.
7. Cosets and Lagrange�s Theorem.
Properties of Cosets. Lagrange�s Theorem and Consequences. An
Application of Cosets to Permutation Groups. The Rotation Group of
a Cube and a Soccer Ball. Exercises. Biography of Joseph
Lagrange.
8. External Direct Products.
Definition and Examples. Properties of External Direct Products.
The Group of Units Modulo n as an External Direct Product.
Applications. Exercises.
Biography of Leonard Adleman. Supplementary Exercises for Chapters
5-8
9. Normal Subgroups and Factor Groups.
Normal Subgroups. Factor Groups. Applications of Factor Groups.
Internal Direct Products. Exercises. Biography of �variste
Galois
10. Group Homomorphisms.
Definition and Examples. Properties of Homomorphisms. The First
Isomorphism Theorem. Exercises. Biography of Camille Jordan.
11. Fundamental Theorem of Finite Abelian Groups.
The Fundamental Theorem. The Isomorphism Classes of Abelian Groups.
Proof of the Fundamental Theorem. Exercises. Supplementary
Exercises for Chapters 9-11.
PART III: RINGS.
12. Introduction to Rings.
Motivation and Definition. Examples of Rings. Properties of Rings.
Subrings. Exercises. Biography of I. N. Herstein.
13. Integral Domains.
Definition and Examples. Fields. Characteristic of a Ring.
Exercises. Biography of Nathan Jacobson.
14. Ideals and Factor Rings.
Ideals. Factor Rings. Prime Ideals and Maximal Ideals.
Exercises.
Biography of Richard Dedekind. Biography of Emmy Noether.
Supplementary Exercises for Chapters 12-14.
15. Ring Homomorphisms.
Definition and Examples. Properties of Ring Homomorphisms. The
Field of Quotients.
Exercises.
16. Polynomial Rings.
Notation and Terminology. The Division Algorithm and Consequences.
Exercises.
Biography of Saunders Mac Lane.
17. Factorization of Polynomials.
Reducibility Tests. Irreducibility Tests. Unique Factorization in
Z[x]. Weird Dice: An Application of Unique Factorization.
Exercises. Biography of Serge Lang.
18. Divisibility in Integral Domains.
Irreducibles, Primes. Historical Discussion of Fermat�s Last
Theorem. Unique Factorization Domains. Euclidean Domains.
Exercises.
Biography of Sophie Germain. Biography of Andrew Wiles.
Supplementary Exercises for Chapters 15-18.
PART IV: FIELDS.
19. Vector Spaces.
Definition and Examples. Subspaces. Linear Independence. Exercises.
Biography of Emil Artin. Biography of Olga Taussky-Todd.
20. Extension Fields.
The Fundamental Theorem of Field Theory. Splitting Fields. Zeros of
an Irreducible Polynomial. Exercises. Biography of Leopold
Kronecker.
21. Algebraic Extensions.
Characterization of Extensions. Finite Extensions. Properties of
Algebraic Extensions
Exercises. Biography of Irving Kaplansky.
22. Finite Fields.
Classification of Finite Fields. Structure of Finite Fields.
Subfields of a Finite Field.
Exercises. Biography of L. E. Dickson.
23. Geometric Constructions.
Historical Discussion of Geometric Constructions. Constructible
Numbers. Angle-Trisectors and Circle-Squarers. Exercises.
Supplementary Exercises for Chapters 19-23.
PART V: SPECIAL TOPICS.
24. Sylow Theorems.
Conjugacy Classes. The Class Equation. The Probability That Two
Elements Commute. The Sylow Theorems. Applications of Sylow
Theorems. Exercises. Biography of Ludvig Sylow.
25. Finite Simple Groups.
Historical Background. Nonsimplicity Tests. The Simplicity of A5.
The Fields Medal. The Cole Prize. Exercises. Biography of Michael
Aschbacher. Biography of Daniel Gorenstein. Biography of John
Thompson.
26. Generators and Relations.
Motivation. Definitions and Notation. Free Group. Generators and
Relations. Classification of Groups of Order up to 15.
Characterization of Dihedral Groups. Realizing the Dihedral Groups
with Mirrors. Exercises. Biography of Marshall Hall, Jr..
27. Symmetry Groups.
Isometries. Classification of Finite Plane Symmetry Groups.
Classification of Finite Group of Rotations in R�. Exercises.
28. Frieze Groups and Crystallographic Groups.
The Frieze Groups. The Crystallographic Groups. Identification of
Plane Periodic Patterns. Exercises. Biography of M. C. Escher.
Biography of George P�lya. Biography of John H. Conway.
29. Symmetry and Counting.
Motivation. Burnside�s Theorem. Applications. Group Action.
Exercises. Biography of William Burnside.
30. Cayley Digraphs of Groups.
Motivation. The Cayley Digraph of a Group. Hamiltonian Circuits and
Paths. Some Applications. Exercises. Biography of William-Rowan
Hamilton. Biography of Paul Erd�s.
31. Introduction to Algebraic Coding Theory.
Motivation. Linear Codes. Parity-Check Matrix Decoding. Coset
Decoding.
Historical Note: The Ubiquitous Reed-Solomon Codes. Exercises.
Biography of Richard W. Hamming. Biography of Jessie MacWilliams.
Biography of Vera Pless. 32. An Introduction to Galois Theory.
Fundamental Theorem of Galois Theory. Solvability of Polynomials
by. Radicals. Insolvability of a Quintic. Exercises. Biography of
Philip Hall.
33. Cyclotomic Extensions.
Motivation. Cyclotomic Polynomials. The Constructible Regular
n-gons. Exercises. Biography of Carl Friedrich Gauss. Biography of
Manjul Bhargava.
Supplementary Exercises for Chapters 24-33.
Joseph Gallian earned his PhD from Notre Dame. In addition to receiving numerous awards for his teaching and exposition, he served, first, as the Second Vice President, and, then, as the President of the MAA. He has served on 40 national committees, chairing ten of them. He has published over 100 articles and authored six books. Numerous articles about his work have appeared in the national news outlets, including the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Boston Globe, and Newsweek, among many others.
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