Table of Contents

Contents IntroductionNineteenth-Century Indigenous Women Warriors Becoming Better Citizens of Our Adopted Country": Montana's Ethnic Women's GroupsA Metis GirlhoodMontana's Whiskey Women: Female Bootleggers during ProhibitionFaith Inspired Early Health Care The Lifelong Quest of Frieda Fligelman and Belle Fligelman WinestineRose Gordon: Daughter of a Slave and Small-Town ActivistThe Women's Protective UnionYou Have to Take What They Send You Now Days": Montana Women's Service in World War IIElla Knowles: Portia of the PeopleDiscrimination: The Case of Mrs. Wo HopWork Fit for Two Fisted" Rangers: Women in the U.S. Forest ServicePretty Shield's Success: Raising Grandmother's Grandchild" More Than Just a Happy Housewife: Home Demonstration Clubs in Post-World War II MontanaNannie Alderson: Pioneer RanchwomanFeminism Personified: Judy Smith and the Women's MovementJulia Ereaux Schultz, Health Advocate and Cultural ChampionElizabeth Clare Prophet, the Church Universal and Triumphant, and the Creation of Utopia in Montana's Paradise Valley Be Creative and Be Resourceful": Rural Teachers in the Early Twentieth Century Montana Women Care for the Sick and DyingCultivating Female Reform: The Montana Woman's Christian Temperance UnionThe Ladies Busted Broncs Speaking for Those Who Could Not Speak for Themselves: The Journalism and Activism of Gretchen Garber BillingsBehind Every Man: Nancy Cooper Russell Lifting as We Climb": The Activism of the Montana Federation of Colored Women's ClubsEmpowering Women: The Helena YWCAFrom Poultry to Poetry: The Life and Letters of Harriette E. CushmanFamily Planning and Companionate Marriage in Early Twentieth-Century MontanaThe Life and Legend of Mary FieldsThe Long Campaign: The Fight for Women's Suffrage After Suffrage: Women Politicians at the Montana CapitolFreda Augusta Beazley and the Rise of American Indian Political PowerChampions: The Girls of Fort Shaw BasketballEarly Social Service Was Women's WorkSaving Girls: Montana State Vocational School for Girls She Really Believed in Families": The Medical Career of Sadie LindebergChildbirth and Maternal Health in Early-Twentieth-Century MontanaMary Ann Pierre Topsseh Coombs and the Bitterroot SalishA Witty, Gritty Little Bobcat of a Woman": The Western Writings of Dorothy M. JohnsonProgressive Reform and Women's Advocacy for Public Libraries in MontanaQueens of the CloudsMen Were My Friends, but Women Were My Cause": The Career and Feminism of Frances ElgeOshanee Cullooyah Kenmille: A Joyful SpiritSister Providencia, Advocate for Landless IndiansNumber, Please: Women Telephone OperatorsYou Had to Pretend It Never Happened": Illegal Abortion in Montana Expanding Their Sphere: Montana Women in Education Administration and Public HealthLaura Howey, the Montana Historical Society, and Sex Discrimination in Early-Twentieth-Century MontanaSusie Walking Bear Yellowtail: Our Bright Morning Star"Minnie Two Shoes: American Indian JournalistA Department of One's Own: Women's Studies at the University of MontanaLegalized Midwifery: Montana Leads the WayWork Done by Muscle Power or Grit: Anna Dahl, Rural Electrification, and the Transformation of Rural Women's WorkWomen ... on the Level with Their White Sisters": Rose Hum Lee and Butte's Chinese Women in the Early Twentieth CenturyA Farm of Her OwnWomanhood on Trial: Examining Domestic Violence in Butte, MontanaAlma Smith Jacobs: Beloved Librarian, Tireless ActivistThe Power of Strong, Able Women: The League of Women Voters of Montana and Constitutional ReformWorking to Give Women Individual Dignity": Equal Protection of the Laws under Montana's ConstitutionDefining Gender Equality: The Debate over the Equal Rights Amendment in MontanaWriting a Rough-and-Tumble World: Caroline Lockhart and B. M. BowerBiased Justice: Women in PrisonHelen Piotopowaka Clarke and the Persistence of PrejudiceRed-Light Women of Wide-Open ButteDoris Brander and the Fight to Honor Women's Military Service I am a very necessary evil": The Political Career of Dolly Smith Cusker AkersA Young Mother at the Rosebud and Little Bighorn BattlesThings to be done which money and men will never provide": The Activism of Montana's AAUWWe Are No Longer Criminals": The Fight to Repeal Deviate Sexual Misconduct LawsGifts of Love and Gratitude: Belle HighwalkingThe Men Would Never Have Survived": Women, Union Activism, and Community Survival in ButteThe Work Was Never Done: Farm and Ranch Wives and MothersA Compassionate Heart" and Keen Mind": The Life of Doctor Caroline McGillThe Education of Josephine Pease RussellContributions of a Mother and DaughterYou Design It and You Make It": The Life and Work of Ceramicist Frances SenskaLucille Otter: Doing Good for Tribe and CountryMontana Women of the Ku Klux KlanMust a woman ... give it all up when she marries?": The Debate over Employing Married Women as TeachersWriting Our Lives: Novelist Mildred Walker's Illumination of Montana WomenSarah Gammon BickfordBonnie HeavyRunner: A Warrior for DiversityMe, Me, Me, Me: Butte's Bohemian, Mary MacLaneI Was a Strong Woman": Adeline Abraham MathiasHead, Heart, Hands, and Health: Montana's Women and Girls in the 4-H MovementShe Spoke the Truth": The Childhood and Later Activism of Lula MartinezJeannette Rankin: Suffragist, Congresswoman, Pacifist The Right to Procreate: The Montana State Board of Eugenics and Body PoliticsMontana's Postwar Women PoliticiansTheresa Walker Lamebull Kept Her Language AliveMerle Egan Anderson: Montana's Hello Girl"A Man in the Mountains Cannot Keep His Wife": Divorce in Montana in the Late Nineteenth CenturyDrawing on Motherhood: The Cartoons and Illustrations of Fanny Cory CooneyMontana's Rosies": Female Smelter Workers during World War IIMartha Edgerton Rolfe Plassmann: A Montana Renaissance WomanFighting for Female Athletes: Title IX in MontanaThere's No Place like Home: The Role of the Montana State OrphanageElouise Pepion Cobell: Banker-WarriorAbout the AuthorsIndex

About the Author

Martha Kohl is a Historical Specialist at the Montana Historical Society. She received both her BA and MA in History from Washington University in St. Louis. She served as project manager and lead historian for Montana: Stories of the Land, the Society's award-winning middle-school Montana history textbook. Her book, I Do: A Cultural History of Montana Weddings, was published in 2011.