Table of Contents

1 Front Matter; 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY; 3 1 LOOKING AT MATHEMATICS AND LEARNING; 4 2 THE STATE OF SCHOOL MATHEMATICS IN THE UNITED STATES; 5 3 NUMBER: WHAT IS THERE TO KNOW?; 6 4 THE STRANDS OF MATHEMATICAL PROFICIENCY; 7 5 THE MATHEMATICAL KNOWLEDGE CHILDREN BRING TO SCHOOL; 8 6 DEVELOPING PROFICIENCY WITH WHOLE NUMBERS; 9 7 DEVELOPING PROFICIENCY WITH OTHER NUMBERS; 10 8 DEVELOPING MATHEMATICAL PROFICIENCY BEYOND NUMBER; 11 9 TEACHING FOR MATHEMATICAL PROFICIENCY; 12 10 DEVELOPING PROFICIENCY IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS; 13 11 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS; 14 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES